V2EX remainder term

Remainder Term

释义 Definition

remainder term余项 / 剩余项。常用于数学与统计中,指在近似表达(如泰勒展开、级数展开、渐近展开或模型拟合)之后没有被主项捕捉到的那一部分,用来衡量近似的误差或“剩下多少没有解释”。

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/rmendr tm/

例句 Examples

When we approximate \(e^x\) with a Taylor polynomial, the remainder term tells us how big the error could be.
当我们用泰勒多项式近似 \(e^x\) 时,余项说明误差可能有多大。

In the asymptotic expansion, the leading terms describe the main behavior, while the remainder term must be bounded to justify the approximation.
在渐近展开中,主导项描述主要行为,而必须对余项作出上界估计,才能证明该近似是可靠的。

词源 Etymology

remainder 来自中古英语 remaindre(“剩下、残留”),可追溯到古法语 remaindre,源头与拉丁语 remanerere- “回、再” + manere “停留”)相关,表示“留下来”。term 原意为“界限、期限”,后引申为“术语、项”。合起 remainder term 就是“剩下的那一项(用来表示误差/未解释部分)”。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作 Literary Works

  • Calculus(James Stewart):在泰勒多项式与误差估计部分常出现 remainder term(余项)用法。
  • Principles of Mathematical Analysis(Walter Rudin,《数学分析原理》):在证明与近似相关的章节中会讨论余项/误差项的控制。
  • An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers(Hardy & Wright,《数论导引》):在一些展开与估计的语境中会使用类似“remainder term/误差项”的表述。
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