At this point in the pandemic, it’s easy to think of COVID-19 as something closer to the flu than a dangerous disease. But even though the latest Omicron variants do cause less severe symptoms than the original strain of SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 is still far from a typical disease—especially if you get it more than once.
在此次大流行病的一上，很容易2019冠病毒症(COVID-19：Coronavirus Disease-19)一，更接近流感的疾病，而不是一危的疾病。不，即使最新的Omicron，比第二型重急性呼吸系徵候群-冠病毒(SARS-CoV-2：Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2)的原始毒株，引少重症。不COVID-19仍非典型疾病，特是倘若不止一次感染上。
In a study published in Nature Medicine, researchers report that COVID-19 reinfections could be taking a toll on some important organ systems. That risk applies to both short-term and long-term health effects, says Dr. Ziyad Al-Aly, clinical epidemiologist at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, and the study’s senior author.
在表於《自然•》期刊的一研究中，研究人述，反覆感染COVID-19，可能一些重要器官系造成危害。研究深撰文人，美盛大院(位於密里州路易斯市)床流行病家，Ziyad Al-Aly表示，那用於短期及期的健康影。
He and his team analyzed 5.3 million health records from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs involving people who did not test positive for SARS-CoV-2 from March 2020 to April 2022, and compared their health status to 443,000 people who tested positive once during that period—then to another 41,000 who tested positive two or more times.
他及其分析了，自美退伍人事部，涉及2020年3月至2022年4月期，530份SARS-CoV-2未呈性者的健康，在此期呈性之443千人，行比他的健康。之後，另外41千名，次或多次呈性者，行比。
(Most in the latter group had two or three infections, although a small proportion had four.) They studied adverse outcomes, like hospitalizations and deaths, in the health records for these groups for six months.
(後一中的大多，有次或三次感染。不，一小部分有四次)。他研究了，在此些群的健康中，如住院及死亡等不良後果，六月。
People who had more than one COVID-19 infection were three times more likely to be hospitalized and twice as likely to die than those who only had one infection.
多次感染COVID-19的人，住院可能性是那些感染一次者的三倍，死亡可能性是倍。
Those with multiple infections were also more vulnerable to other dangerous conditions; they were 3.5 times more likely to develop lung problems, 3 times more likely to have heart conditions, and 1.6 times more likely to have brain changes requiring care than people who had only had COVID-19 once.
那些多次感染者，也更容易受到其他危疾病的影；感染一次 COVID-19的人相下，罹患肺部疾病的可能性高3.5倍，罹患心病的可能性高3倍，具有需要理之大的可能性高1.6倍。
The findings support other studies that are also documenting the effects that COVID-19 may have on the body. Most recently, in several presentations at the Society for Neuroscience’s annual meeting in November, scientists reported that the inflammation caused by COVID-19 can have lasting effects on the brain, including in children;
此些研究支持了，也性描述COVID-19可能身，具有此些影的其他研究。最近，在(2022年)11月行的神科之年上的表中，科家述，由COVID-19 引的炎症，大生持久影，包括在童中；
14 kids ages 10-13 who had recovered from COVID-19 infections showed changes in the sensorimotor regions of the brain on MRI up to 15 months after their infection, compared to 35 children who hadn’t been infected.
14名年10-13，COVID-19感染中康的童，於感染後，35名未曾遭感染的童相下，在磁共振造影(MRI：Magnetic Resonance Imaging)上示了，於大的感域生，15月。
In another study presented at the same conference, adults who had even mild COVID-19 symptoms also demonstrated brain changes four months after infection.
在此相同年上，於被提出的另一研究中，即使具微COVID-19症的成年人，在感染四月後，也大生。
Studies are showing that getting infected more than once—an increasingly common scenario as the pandemic drags on and variants become more transmissible—may have compounding effects.
多研究正在示，多次遭感染，著此大流行病的拖延及得更容易播，一日益普遍的事，可能具有合的多效。
“We wanted to know, if you get multiple infections, do they matter? Are these infections consequential, or has the immune system adapted because it has seen the infection before and developed a way of dealing with it?” says Al-Aly. “We found that if people are infected a second or third time, those infections certainly contribute to additional health risk, even if they are vaccinated.”
Al-Aly宣：「我想知道，倘若遭多次感染，它有？此些感染是必然的，或免疫系已，因之前它已察此感染，且展出一付它的方法？我，倘若人第二次或第三次遭感染，那些感染肯定是外健康的部分原因，即使他接了疫苗。」
With each infection, the body’s resilience drains a bit more, until, with enough assaults, it reaches the danger zone. “Cumulatively, each infection could get you closer and closer to the edge,” says Al-Aly. “That’s why avoiding a second or third infection is important to try to continue preserving health.”
著每次感染，身的恢力消耗得更多，直到得多攻的情下，它才到危。Al-Aly宣：「累起，每次感染皆使人越越接近此。那是何避免第二次或第三次感染，於保持健康是重要的。」
Repeat infections may also raise the risk of Long COVID. It’s not clear yet what puts people at risk of developing symptoms that can persist long after the active infection is gone, and any encounter with SARS-CoV-2 could trigger whatever process is driving Long COVID.
重感染也可能增加期冠病毒病(Long COVID：Coronavirus Disease)的。目前尚不清楚，什使人冒有出，在活性感染(正在生症或疾病之致病微生物，在快速繁殖的感染)消失後，持症的，及任何SARS-CoV-2的接可能，致Long COVID的任何程。
Repeated infections only increase the odds. “People will say, ‘I got infected with COVID last Christmas, and I didn’t get Long COVID.’ That’s wonderful, and that person is very fortunate,” says Al-Aly. “But just because you dodged the Long COVID bullet one time doesn’t mean you will dodge the bullet every time. Every time you get infected, you are trying your luck again.”
重的感染只增加率。Al-Aly宣：「人，‘去年我感染上COVID，不我有得到Long COVID’。 那太好了，那人很幸。不，因你躲了一次期冠病毒症的子，不意味著每次皆能躲此子。每一次遭感染，你都在再次你的。」
A deluge of COVID-19 reinfections could pose a problem for health care providers this winter, when rates of other respiratory disease, such as influenza and RSV, could also climb.
今年冬天，大量的COVID-19反覆感染，可能保健提供者，如流感及呼吸系合胞病毒(RSV：Respiratory Syncytial Virus)等，其他呼吸道疾病的比率，也可能攀升。
Health systems across the country are already reporting high numbers of urgent care and emergency department visits due to respiratory illnesses, and Al-Aly’s findings suggest that people experiencing multiple COVID-19 infections may add to that burden.
全各地的生系已告了，因呼吸系疾病的大量急理及就急部。果，Al-Aly的研究暗示，多次COVID-19感染的人，可能增添那。
The best way to avoid reinfection is to take familiar precautions: get vaccinated and boosted, wear masks when in public indoor settings, and avoid gatherings if you are feeling sick.
避免反覆感染的最佳方法，是取熟悉的防措施：也就是，接疫苗及加，在公共的室所戴口罩，及倘若感到不，避免聚。
“We’re not calling for lockdowns or draconian measures,” says Al-Aly. “We want people to be informed of the risk and take precautions to reduce their individual risk of infection. The health consequences of second and third infections are not zero, as some people think it is.”
Al-Aly宣：「我非呼封或的措施。我希望人被告知取防措施，降低人感染的。第二次及第三次感染的健康後果，非如同某些人的是零。」
址：https://time.com/6232103/covid-19-reinfections-effects/?utm_medium=email&utm_source=sfmc&utm_campaign=newsletter+brief+default+ac&utm_cOntent=+++20221112+++body&et_rid=207513678&lctg=207513678
翻：
文章定位：
