V2EX word-formation

Word-Formation

释义 Definition

word-formation(词汇学/语言学)指构词:语言中通过一定规则或手段创造新词、派生新词形式的过程与方式。常见方式包括派生(加前后缀)、合成(复合词)、转类(词性转换)、缩略等。(也可泛指“造词方式”。)

发音 Pronunciation

/wd frmen/

例句 Examples

Word-formation helps us understand how new words are made.
构词帮助我们理解新词是如何形成的。

In English word-formation, prefixes and suffixes often change a word’s meaning or part of speech, which is why “happy,” “unhappy,” and “happiness” are closely related but used differently.
在英语构词中,前缀和后缀常常改变词义或词性,因此“happy”“unhappy”“happiness”彼此相关但用法不同。

词源 Etymology

该词由 word(词)+ formation(形成、构成)组成。formation 源自拉丁语 formare(塑造、形成),经法语进入英语。作为语言学术语,word-formation 用来概括词是如何被构造出来的”这一类规则与现象。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作 Literary Works

  • Hans Marchand, The Categories and Types of Present-Day English Word-Formation(专门系统讨论英语构词的经典著作)
  • Laurie Bauer, English Word-Formation(以“word-formation”为核心主题的教材/专著)
  • Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy, An Introduction to English Morphology(涉及并频繁使用 word-formation 讨论构词现象)
  • David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language(在讲词汇与形态学时使用 word-formation 相关术语与概念)
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