V2EX well-posedness

Well-posedness

释义 Definition

(数学、物理与工程中的术语)适定性/良定性:指一个问题在给定条件下满足存在性(有解)、唯一性(解唯一)、连续依赖性/稳定性(初始条件或数据的微小变化只会导致解的微小变化)。常用于微分方程、逆问题、数值分析等领域。(也可泛指“表述清楚、条件充分”的性质,但最常见的是上述技术含义。)

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/wlpozd.ns/

例句 Examples

The well-posedness of the problem depends on the boundary conditions.
这个问题的适定性取决于边界条件。

To prove well-posedness, we must show existence, uniqueness, and continuous dependence on the data.
为了证明适定性,我们必须证明解的存在性、唯一性以及对数据的连续依赖性。

词源 Etymology

well-posedness 来自形容词 well-posed(“被良好地提出/设定的”)加名词后缀 -ness(表示“性质、状态”)。术语在数学中常与法国数学家 Jacques Hadamard(雅克阿达马)对“适定问题(well-posed problem)”的经典定义相关:存在、唯一、稳定。

相关词 Reated Words

文学与著作中的用例 Literary Works

  • Jacques Hadamard, Lectures on Cauchy’s Problem in Linear Partial Differential Equations(讨论“well-posed problem/适定问题”的经典来源)
  • Lawrence C. Evans, Partial Differential Equations(常在偏微分方程解的存在性与唯一性章节出现)
  • Walter A. Strauss, Partial Differential Equations: An Introduction(用于说明 PDE 的适定性与稳定性)
  • Heinz W. Engl, Martin Hanke, Andreas Neubauer, Regularization of Inverse Problems(在“ill-posedness/不适定性”与正则化框架中频繁出现)
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