V2EX ill-posedness

Ill-posedness

释义 Definition

ill-posedness(不适定性):指一个数学/工程问题不满足“适定”条件的性质,常见表现为:解不存在、解不唯一,或对初始/观测数据的微小扰动极其敏感(不稳定)。该词多用于逆问题、偏微分方程、数值分析等领域。

发音 Pronunciation

/l pozdns/

例句 Examples

The ill-posedness of the inverse problem makes the reconstruction unreliable.
逆问题的不适定性使得重建结果不可靠。

Although the model fits the measurements, ill-posedness means small noise can produce wildly different solutions unless we add regularization.
尽管模型能拟合测量数据,但由于不适定性,微小噪声也可能导致解剧烈变化,除非加入正则化。

词源 Etymology

由 **ill-**(不、坏)+ posed(被提出/被设定的,源自 pose “提出、放置”)+ -ness(名词后缀,表示“性质/状态”)构成。概念常与法国数学家哈达马(Hadamard)提出的“适定性”标准相关。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著名作品 Literary Works

  • Jacques Hadamard, Lectures on Cauchy’s Problem in Linear Partial Differential Equations(讨论适定/不适定思想的经典来源)
  • A. N. Tikhonov & V. Y. Arsenin, Solutions of Ill-Posed Problems(《不适定问题的解》)
  • H. W. Engl, M. Hanke, A. Neubauer, Regularization of Inverse Problems(逆问题正则化的权威著作)
  • A. Tarantola, Inverse Problem Theory and Methods for Model Parameter Estimation(逆问题理论与方法)
  • P. C. Hansen, Rank-Deficient and Discrete Ill-Posed Problems(离散不适定问题与秩亏问题)
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