V2EX import-substitution

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Import Substitution

定义 Definition

“进口替代”：一种经济发展与产业政策思路，通过在国内生产原本依赖进口的商品（常配合关税、配额、补贴等措施），以减少进口依赖、推动本国产业化。（也常见作“进口替代工业化”，ISI。）

发音 Pronunciation

/mprt sbsttun/

例句 Examples

Many countries tried import substitution to build their own factories.
许多国家曾通过进口替代来建立本国工厂。

Import substitution policies can protect infant industries, but they may also raise prices and reduce competition if kept too long.
进口替代政策可以保护“幼稚产业”，但如果持续过久，也可能推高物价并削弱竞争。

词源 Etymology

由 import（进口）与 substitution（替代）组合而成，字面意思就是“用国内产品替代进口产品”。该术语在20世纪中期的发展经济学与拉美结构主义/发展主义政策讨论中广泛流行。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作 Literary Works

The Strategy of Economic Development（Albert O. Hirschman）
The Economic Development of Latin America and Its Principal Problems（Raúl Prebisch）
Dependency and Development in Latin America（Fernando Henrique Cardoso & Enzo Faletto）
Development Economics（Debraj Ray）

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