V2EX eutectoid

Eutectoid

定义 Definition

eutectoid(共析的;共析点/共析组织相关):指一种固态相变情形在特定温度与成分下,一种固相分解为两种不同的固相。在钢铁中常见的例子是:奥氏体在共析温度附近转变为铁素体与渗碳体(形成珠光体)。该词也常用来修饰“共析成分/共析温度/共析反应”。

发音 Pronunciation

/jutktd/

例句 Examples

The steel was heated above the eutectoid temperature and then cooled slowly.
这块钢被加热到共析温度以上,然后缓慢冷却。

At the eutectoid composition, austenite transforms into ferrite and cementite, producing a lamellar pearlite microstructure.
在共析成分下,奥氏体转变为铁素体和渗碳体,形成层片状的珠光体显微组织。

词源 Etymology

eutectoid 来自 **eu-**(希腊语,意为“良好/容易”)+ tect-(与“熔化/融解”相关的词根,见 eutectic 共晶)+ -oid(“像……的/……形态的”)。字面可理解为“类似共晶的”,但强调的是固态中的“共析”转变(与液相参与的 eutectic 共晶相对)。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作中的用例 Literary Works

  • Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys(Porter, Easterling & Sherif):讨论共析反应与钢的相变动力学时频繁使用该词。
  • Introduction to Physical Metallurgy(Sidney H. Avner):在铁-碳相图与共析点讲解中出现。
  • Steel Metallurgy for the Non-Metallurgist(John D. Verhoeven):以工程读者为对象解释共析温度、共析组织(珠光体)等概念。
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