V2EX austenite

Austenite

释义 Definition

奥氏体:钢和某些铁合金在较高温度下形成的一种晶体结构(面心立方,FCC)的固溶体组织,通常能溶解较多的碳;在冷却过程中可转变为珠光体、贝氏体或马氏体等组织。(在不锈钢等材料中,奥氏体也可能在室温稳定存在。)

例句 Examples

Austenite forms when steel is heated above a critical temperature.
当钢被加热到超过临界温度时,会形成奥氏体。

By controlling the cooling rate from austenite, engineers can tailor hardness and toughness in the final microstructure.
通过控制奥氏体冷却下来的速度,工程师可以调节最终显微组织的硬度与韧性。

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/stnat/

词源 Etymology

austenite 来自奥地利英国冶金学家 William Chandler Roberts-Austen(罗伯茨-奥斯汀)的姓氏 Austen,加上矿物/材料名称常见后缀 -ite(表示“某种矿物或物质”)。该术语用于纪念他在金属学与合金研究方面的贡献。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作中的用例 Literary & Notable Works

  • ASM Handbook, Volume 4: Heat Treating(ASM International):热处理章节中大量讨论奥氏体的形成与转变。
  • Steel Metallurgy for the Non-Metallurgist(John D. Verhoeven):以入门方式解释奥氏体及其与淬火组织的关系。
  • Introduction to Physical Metallurgy(Sidney H. Avner):在铁-碳相图与相变部分系统使用“austenite”。
  • Metallurgy for Engineers(Donald J. McCauley 等常见版本/教材体系):在钢的组织与热处理章节中频繁出现该术语。
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