V2EX echelon form

Echelon Form

释义 / Definition

(线性代数)阶梯形(矩阵):把矩阵通过初等行变换化成一种“台阶状”的标准结构,便于解线性方程组与判断矩阵性质。常见有 row echelon form(行阶梯形)reduced row echelon form(简化行阶梯形/最简阶梯形)
(注:echelon 在其他语境也可指“等级/梯队”,此处主要指数学意义。)

发音 / Pronunciation (IPA)

/ln frm/

例句 / Examples

We converted the matrix to echelon form to solve the system.
我们把矩阵化为阶梯形来解这个方程组。

After several row operations, the augmented matrix reached echelon form, revealing that the system has infinitely many solutions.
经过若干次初等行变换,增广矩阵达到了阶梯形,从而显示该方程组有无穷多解。

词源 / Etymology

echelon 源自法语 échelon,本义与“梯子横档、台阶”有关,后来引申为“梯队/层级排列”。数学中的 echelon form 借用其“阶梯状排列”的形象:每一行的主元位置逐行向右移动,像台阶一样。

相关词 / Related Words

文学作品 / Literary Works

  • Introduction to Linear Algebra(Gilbert Strang)讨论用高斯消元把矩阵化为(行)阶梯形。
  • Linear Algebra Done Right(Sheldon Axler)在线性方程组与矩阵表示相关章节中涉及阶梯形思想与化简。
  • Elementary Linear Algebra(Howard Anton 等)以“echelon form / reduced echelon form”系统讲解求解线性系统与主元结构。
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