V2EX wavenumber

Wavenumber

定义 Definition

wavenumber(波数):表示波的空间频率的物理量,通常记作 \(\tilde{\nu}\)\(k\)。常见用法中(尤其在光谱学里)波数等于波长的倒数:\(\tilde{\nu}=1/\lambda\),常用单位为 cm;在物理学中也常用角波数 \(k=2\pi/\lambda\),单位为 m。该词在不同学科里记号与定义细节可能略有差异。

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/wevnmbr/

例句 Examples

The wavenumber is the reciprocal of the wavelength.
波数是波长的倒数。

In infrared spectroscopy, peaks are often reported by their wavenumber in cm rather than by wavelength.
在红外光谱学中,谱峰通常用以 cm 表示的波数来报告,而不是用波长。

词源 Etymology

wavenumber 是由 wave(波)+ number(数值) 构成的复合词,直观表达“用一个数来表征波在空间中重复的频率”。在光谱学传统中,波数常取 \(1/\lambda\),便于与能量、频率等量建立线性或近线性关系并进行对比。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作中的用例 Literary Works

  • Principles of Optics(Max Born & Emil Wolf)
  • Introduction to Quantum Mechanics(David J. Griffiths)
  • Molecular Vibrations: The Theory of Infrared and Raman Vibrational Spectra(Wilson, Decius & Cross)
  • Spectra of Atoms and Molecules(Gerhard Herzberg)
  • Optics(Eugene Hecht)
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