V2EX two-tailed

Two-tailed

释义 Definition

双尾的;双侧的。常见于统计学语境,指双尾检验/双侧检验(two-tailed test):在分布的两端(两“尾”)都考虑极端结果,用于检验“是否有差异/是否不同于某个值”,而不预设差异方向。

发音 Pronunciation

/tu teld/

例句 Examples

A two-tailed test checks for differences in either direction.
双尾检验会检查两个方向上的差异。

Because we did not predict whether the new method would increase or decrease scores, we used a two-tailed hypothesis test at the 5% level.
因为我们没有预测新方法会让分数上升还是下降,所以我们在 5% 显著性水平下使用了双尾假设检验。

词源 Etymology

two(二)+ tailed(有尾的,来自 tail “尾巴”)构成的复合形容词。统计学中把概率分布两端的极端区域比喻为“尾巴”,因此“two-tailed”引申为“在两端都进行判断/检验”的含义。

相关词 Related Words

文学作品 Literary Works

“two-tailed”作为统计学术语更常见于教材与学术写作,而较少出现在传统文学作品中。常见于以下经典教材/参考书中(语境多为“two-tailed test / two-tailed p-value”):

  • Introduction to the Practice of Statistics(Moore, McCabe 等)
  • Statistical Inference(Casella & Berger)
  • Applied Regression Analysis and Generalized Linear Models(Fox)
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