BeautifulSoup 官方文档中的例子,没看懂, - V2EX
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redhatping
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BeautifulSoup 官方文档中的例子,没看懂,

  •  
  •   redhatping 2016-08-18 22:01:50 +08:00 2897 次点击
    这是一个创建于 3389 天前的主题,其中的信息可能已经有所发展或是发生改变。
     html_doc = """ <html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head> <p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p> <p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were <a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a>, <a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and <a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister" id="link3">Tillie</a>; and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p> <p class="story">...</p> """ from bs4 import BeautifulSoup soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc) def has_class_but_no_id(tag): return tag.has_attr('class') and not tag.has_attr('id') soup.find_all(has_class_but_no_id) # [<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>, # <p class="story">Once upon a time there were...</p>, # <p class="story">...</p>] 

    可我的结果是:

    [<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>, <p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>, <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a> and <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>; and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>, <p class="story">...</p>] 

    凌乱了, 谢谢各位指点.

    16 条回复    2016-08-23 15:15:46 +08:00
    thekoc
        1
    thekoc  
       2016-08-18 22:36:56 +08:00
    你的整个程序是怎么样的?它的意思是说可以给 find_all 传一个函数作为参数,用这个函数来定义应该满足的条件。你传进去的函数是和用例种一模一样的吗?
    emric
        2
    emric  
       2016-08-18 22:48:42 +08:00
    这个解析的结果是正确的。`<p class="story">Once upon a time there were...</p>` 后处有省略号。
    redhatping
        3
    redhatping  
    OP
       2016-08-18 22:58:41 +08:00
    @emric 为什么是 P 标签呢.? a 标签为什么 没有考虑呢? a 有 id 属性啊.
    kxxoling
        4
    kxxoling  
       2016-08-18 23:03:09 +08:00
    晕,看了半天才反应过来。。。问题在于 bs tag 的打印方法上,你的结果和它的同样是一个长度为 3 的列表,只不过例子中用省略号代替了中间的标签,而你的输出中列表的第二个元素打印出来是 ``<p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
    <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
    <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
    <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>;
    and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>``,不信你打印一下结果的长度看看。
    redhatping
        5
    redhatping  
    OP
       2016-08-18 23:11:15 +08:00
    @kxxoling 恩, 谢谢, 但是不明白 ,为什么打印 P 标签,而没有 A 标签的判断呢?
    kxxoling
        6
    kxxoling  
       2016-08-18 23:16:40 +08:00
    @redhatping 没明白你的问题?能换个方法问一下吗。。。
    cheneydog
        7
    cheneydog  
       2016-08-18 23:17:17 +08:00
    and not tag.has_attr('id')
    redhatping
        8
    redhatping  
    OP
       2016-08-18 23:25:09 +08:00
    @kxxoling 为什么没有过滤掉 <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
    <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
    <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>
    kxxoling
        9
    kxxoling  
       2016-08-18 23:29:05 +08:00
    @redhatping 列表的第二项是一个 p 标签,而这 3 个 a 标签是 p 标签里面的内容,并没有独立出现在过滤结果中。
    emric
        10
    emric  
       2016-08-18 23:31:13 +08:00
    @redhatping 因为这个 P 包括 A , print 一下 `soup.find_all(True)` 你就懂了。
    skydiver
        11
    skydiver  
       2016-08-19 02:26:16 +08:00 via iPad
    文档里省略号了而已……
    redhatping
        12
    redhatping  
    OP
       2016-08-19 13:14:40 +08:00
    @skydiver 不对的
    skydiver
        13
    skydiver  
       2016-08-19 13:20:01 +08:00
    @redhatping 楼上已经好几个人跟你解释了,你还不理解就没办法了
    redhatping
        14
    redhatping  
    OP
       2016-08-19 13:33:32 +08:00
    @skydiver 不是这回事 , 请看官方文档,.
    amustart
        15
    amustart  
       2016-08-23 14:43:45 +08:00
    return tag.has_attr('class') and not tag.has_attr('id')

    返回 有 class 属性 但是 没有 id 属性的 tag , a 标签有 id 属性, 所以 passpass 掉了
    amustart
        16
    amustart  
       2016-08-23 15:15:46 +08:00
    @amustart 无脑打了,发现不对,敲了一遍, find 了 三个, a 标签是 p 的子标签, `has_class_but_no_id(tag)` 不会递归去看 p 标签的子标签,(这是你问为什么没有 A 标签的答案。)

    下面我在每个找到的元素之间加个了几个换行以显示的更清晰

    """
    <p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>



    <p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were
    <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>,
    <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/lacie" id="link2">Lacie</a> and
    <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3">Tillie</a>;
    and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>



    <p class="story">...</p>

    """
    官方文档确实省略了第二个 p 里的 东西
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