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Summative

Definition / 释义

（尤指教育领域）“总结性的；终结性的”，指在一个阶段结束时进行的总体评价或测评，用来判定学习成果（如期末考试、结业评估）。也可指“总结性的陈述/概述”。

Pronunciation / 发音

/smtv/

Examples / 例句

Summative assessment usually happens at the end of a course.
总结性评估通常在课程结束时进行。

The teacher combined quizzes, projects, and a final exam into a summative evaluation of each student’s progress.
老师把小测、项目作业和期末考试结合起来，对每位学生的学习进展做总结性评价。

Etymology / 词源

来自拉丁语 summa（“总和、概要”）及其相关词形，核心含义是“把内容加总并作出总体结论”。因此在教育语境中常与 assessment/evaluation 搭配，强调“阶段末的总体评定”。

Related Words / 相关词

In Literature / 文学与著作中的用例

Assessing Student Learning: A Common Sense Guide（Linda Suskie）
Classroom Assessment: Principles and Practice for Effective Standards-Based Instruction（James H. McMillan）
Principles of Language Learning and Teaching（H. Douglas Brown）
Assessment for Learning: Putting It into Practice（Paul Black 等）

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