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Spoils

释义 Definition

spoils 常见用法有两种：

n.（复数）战利品；掠夺物；（竞争或成功带来的）收益（常用搭配 the spoils of war / the spoils of victory）
v.（第三人称单数）spoils：破坏；糟蹋；宠坏（更常见基本形式 spoil）

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/splz/

例句 Examples

The spoils were divided among the winners.
战利品（或胜利果实）在获胜者之间分配。

After the election, the victors argued over the spoils, treating public jobs as rewards rather than responsibilities.
选举之后，胜利者为“战利品”争吵，把公共职位当作奖赏而不是责任。

词源 Etymology

spoils 来自古法语 espoille/espuille（意为“掠夺物、战利品”），进一步追溯到拉丁语 spolium（“剥下的皮；夺取之物”）。因此它常带有“从他人处夺来、作为胜利结果获得”的意味。动词 spoil（破坏、宠坏）与“使某物失去原本状态/价值”相关，也发展出“把东西弄坏”的含义。

相关词 Related Words

文学作品 Literary Works

William Shakespeare《Julius Caesar（凯撒大帝）》（提及战争与胜利后的“战利/收益”语境）
George Orwell《Animal Farm（动物农场）》（在政治权力与“胜利果实/利益分配”的讨论语境中常见该词或其近义表达）

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