short selling（金融）指卖空/做空：投资者先借入股票等资产卖出，期待价格下跌后再以更低价格买回归还，从而赚取差价的交易策略。常见于对冲、投机或表达看跌观点。（该词在房地产中也可指“短售/短卖”，但最常见义为金融“卖空”。）
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Short selling can be risky if the stock price rises.
如果股价上涨，卖空可能会很危险。
After the earnings report surprised the market, many traders who were short selling had to buy back shares quickly, which pushed the price even higher.
财报意外让市场震惊后，许多做空的交易者不得不迅速回补股票，结果反而把价格推得更高。
short 原义有“短的、不足的”，在商业语境里引申出“缺货/不够”之意；selling 是“出售”。合在一起，short selling 字面可理解为“在手头不够（需要借入）的情况下卖出”，对应“先卖后买”的卖空机制。
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