V2EX restrictive clause

Restrictive Clause

定义 Definition

限定性从句(也称"限制性定语从句"),是英语语法中用来限定或明确修饰对象的从句。它提供的信息对于确定所修饰名词的身份是必要的,不可省略。限定性从句前不加逗号,常用 thatwhowhich 等引导。

发音 Pronunciation

/rstrktv klz/

例句 Examples

The students that passed the exam were allowed to graduate early.
通过考试的学生被允许提前毕业。

The policy which the company introduced last year has significantly reduced employee turnover, proving that restrictive measures can have positive long-term effects.
公司去年推出的政策显著降低了员工离职率,证明了限制性措施可以产生积极的长期效果。

词源 Etymology

Restrictive 源自拉丁语 restrictus,是动词 restringere 的过去分词,意为"束缚、限制",由 re-(向后)和 stringere(拉紧)组成。Clause 源自拉丁语 clausa,意为"句子的结尾"或"一段话",后经古法语 clause 进入英语。合在一起,restrictive clause 字面意思即"起限定作用的句子成分",在语法学中专指对先行词进行必要限定的从句。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学作品引用 Literary References

  • Strunk & White 的经典写作指南 The Elements of Style 中,限定性从句与非限定性从句的区别是重点讨论内容之一,书中强调使用 that 引导限定性从句、which 引导非限定性从句的规则。
  • FowlerA Dictionary of Modern English Usage 对 restrictive clause 和 non-restrictive clause 的用法差异有详尽的论述,是英语语法研究的重要参考文献。
  • Steven PinkerThe Sense of Style 中,作者讨论了限定性从句在清晰写作中的重要性,指出正确使用限定性从句能避免歧义。
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