V2EX reaction coordinate

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Reaction Coordinate

释义 Definition

反应坐标：在化学反应过程中，用来描述体系从反应物到产物所经历的“进程路径”的一个参数（或一组参数）。它常用于绘制势能面/能量剖面图，用来标示反应从起点、经过过渡态到终点的能量变化。（在不同语境下也可能指更具体的几何变化方式，如某个键长或角度的变化。）

发音 Pronunciation

/rikn kordnt/

例句 Examples

The diagram shows the energy change along the reaction coordinate.
该图展示了沿反应坐标的能量变化。

Along the reaction coordinate, the system climbs to a transition state before descending to products, which explains the activation energy.
沿着反应坐标，体系先上升到过渡态再下降到产物，这解释了活化能的来源。

词源 Etymology

reaction 来自拉丁语 reactio（“反向作用、反应”）；coordinate 来自拉丁语 coordinare（“使同等排列、协调”）。合起来的 reaction coordinate 在物理化学与化学动力学中表示“用一个坐标来刻画反应进行的路线/进度”。

h2>相关词 Related Words

文学与经典著作中的用例 Literary Works

Physical Chemistry Peter Atkins & Julio de Paula（物理化学教材中常用“reaction coordinate”讲解能量剖面与过渡态）
Molecular Reaction Dynamics Raphael D. Levine（以反应坐标/反应路径讨论分子反应动力学）
Modern Physical Organic Chemistry Eric V. Anslyn & Dennis A. Dougherty（用反应坐标图解释有机反应机理与能垒）
Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics Paul L. Houston（在动力学与过渡态理论语境中频繁出现）

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