V2EX perspire

Perspire

释义 Definition

动词,意为"出汗,流汗"。是 sweat 的正式或文雅说法,常用于书面语或礼貌表达中。

发音 Pronunciation

/pspar/

例句 Examples

He began to perspire after climbing the stairs.
他爬完楼梯后开始出汗。

The speaker perspired visibly under the hot stage lights, dabbing his forehead with a handkerchief as he addressed the crowd.
演讲者在炽热的舞台灯光下明显地冒汗,一边用手帕擦额头,一边对人群讲话。

词源 Etymology

源自拉丁语 perspirare,由 **per-**(通过)和 spirare(呼吸)组成,原意为"通过皮肤呼吸"。16世纪进入英语时,最初指身体通过毛孔散发水汽的过程,后来逐渐演变为"出汗"的意思。这个词比 sweat 更为文雅,在维多利亚时代,人们认为直接说 sweat 不够得体,因此常用 perspire 来代替。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学作品引用 Literary References

  • 在简奥斯汀的作品及同时代英国文学中,perspire 常被用来替代 sweat,以符合上流社会的语言礼仪。当时流传一句趣言:"Horses sweat, men perspire, and ladies merely glow."(马出汗,男人流汗,女士只是微微发光。)
  • 在查尔斯狄更斯的《匹克威克外传》(The Pickwick Papers)中,角色的身体反应描写中使用了 perspire 来表现紧张或炎热的状态。
  • 马克吐温在作品中也使用过该词,常带有幽默或讽刺的语气,暗示角色在不自在的场合中感到窘迫。
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