V2EX permafrost

Permafrost

Definition / 释义

(尤指北极、亚北极地区的)永久冻土:连续至少两年保持在0°C以下、长期冻结的土壤、沉积物或岩石层。常见于苔原地区;在气候变暖时可能融化并释放温室气体。(也可泛指“永久冻结的地面/层”。)

Pronunciation / 发音

/prmfrst/
/pmfrst/

Examples / 例句

The road buckled when the permafrost began to thaw.
当永久冻土开始解冻时,道路发生了隆起变形。

As temperatures rise, thawing permafrost can destabilize buildings and release methane trapped underground, accelerating climate change.
随着气温上升,解冻的永久冻土会使建筑地基变得不稳定,并释放地下封存的甲烷,从而加速气候变化。

Etymology / 词源

permafrost 是一个20世纪的合成词,来自 permanent(永久的)+ frost(霜、冻结),字面意思就是“永久的冻结”。该词在北美极地与工程地质语境中广泛使用,用来描述长期冻结的地层。

Related Words / 相关词

Literary Works / 文学作品

  • Arctic Dreams: Imagination and Desire in a Northern Landscape Barry Lopez(以文学笔触讨论北方地貌与冻土环境)
  • The Future of Ice: A Journey Into Cold Gretel Ehrlich(涉及寒冷地带、冰与冻土变化的叙述性写作)
  • The Gold Rush Diaries(克朗代克淘金题材日记与纪实作品合集,常描写冻土层对挖掘与生活的影响)
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