V2EX nociception

Nociception

定义 Definition

名词 伤害感受,指身体感知有害刺激(如疼痛、极端温度或化学损伤)的神经过程。它是神经系统检测潜在或实际组织损伤的感觉机制,是疼痛感知的生理基础。

发音 Pronunciation

/no.ssp.n/

例句 Examples

The study of nociception helps scientists understand how the body detects harmful stimuli.
对伤害感受的研究帮助科学家理解身体如何检测有害刺激。

Although nociception is often equated with pain, it is important to note that nociception can occur without conscious awareness of pain, as the neural signals may be processed before reaching the brain's cortical regions.
虽然伤害感受常常与疼痛画等号,但需要注意的是,伤害感受可以在没有疼痛意识的情况下发生,因为神经信号可能在到达大脑皮层区域之前就已被处理。

词源 Etymology

该词源自拉丁语 nocēre(意为"伤害、损害")和 -ception(源自拉丁语 capere,意为"接收、获取")。英国神经生理学家 Charles Scott Sherrington 于1906年首次提出 nociceptor(伤害感受器)这一概念,用以描述专门感知有害刺激的感觉神经末梢nociception 随后作为名词形式出现,指代整个伤害感知的神经过程。该词的构造方式与 perception(感知)类似,强调这是一种"接收伤害信号"的生理机制。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学与学术引用 Literary & Academic References

  • Charles Scott Sherrington 的经典著作 The Integrative Action of the Nervous System(1906)首次系统性地探讨了伤害感受器和伤害感受的概念,奠定了现代疼痛神经科学的基础。
  • Ronald Melzack 与 Patrick Wall 在 The Challenge of Pain(1982)中深入讨论了伤害感受与疼痛感知之间的区别,提出了著名的"门控理论"(Gate Control Theory)。
  • 在医学教科书 Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 中,nociception 是体感神经系统章节的核心术语,用于解释疼痛信号从外周传导至中枢的完整通路。
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