V2EX natural transformation

Natural Transformation

定义 Definition

(数学范畴论)自然变换:在两个函子 \(F, G: \mathcal{C}\to\mathcal{D}\) 之间的一种“系统性的映射”。它为范畴 \(\mathcal{C}\) 中每个对象 \(X\) 指定一个态射 \(\eta_X: F(X)\to G(X)\),并且对每个态射 \(f: X\to Y\) 满足自然性条件(相应交换图可交换):
\[ G(f)\circ \eta_X = \eta_Y \circ F(f). \]
常见的更强情形是自然同构(每个 \(\eta_X\) 都是同构)。

发音 Pronunciation

/nt()rl trnsfrmen/

例句 Examples

A natural transformation connects two functors in a consistent way.
自然变换以一致的方式连接两个函子。

In category theory, proving two constructions are equivalent often means exhibiting a natural transformation (or a natural isomorphism) between the corresponding functors.
在范畴论中,证明两个构造等价往往意味着在相应的函子之间给出一个自然变换(或自然同构)。

词源 Etymology

natural 源自拉丁语 naturalis(“自然的、本性的”)强调“与结构相容、无需任意选择”的意味;transformation 源自拉丁语 transformare(“改变形状、转化”)。术语 natural transformation 在 20 世纪 40 年代由 Eilenberg 与 Mac Lane 在建立范畴论体系时推广,用来刻画“在所有对象上都协调一致”的函子间映射。

相关词 Related Words

文学与经典出处 Literary Works

  • Saunders Mac Lane, Categories for the Working Mathematician(《为工作数学家写的范畴论》)
  • Steve Awodey, Category Theory(《范畴论》)
  • Emily Riehl, Category Theory in Context
  • Tom Leinster, Basic Category Theory
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