V2EX intersection over union

Intersection Over Union

定义 Definition

Intersection over Union(IoU):计算两个区域(常见为两个边界框或两个分割掩膜)重叠程度的指标,等于“交集面积 ÷ 并集面积”。在目标检测与图像分割中常用于评估预测与真实标注的匹配质量(取值 0~1,越大越好)。也常写作 IoU。(该术语在别的领域也可泛化为集合重叠度量。)

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/ntskn ovr junin/

例句 Examples

We report the model’s Intersection over Union on the validation set.
我们在验证集上报告模型的交并比(IoU)。

To count a detection as correct, we require an Intersection over Union of at least 0.5 between the predicted box and the ground-truth box, then compute precision and recall.
为了将一次检测判为正确,我们要求预测框与真实框的交并比(IoU)至少为 0.5,然后再计算精确率与召回率。

词源 Etymology

该表达来自集合论/几何中的“intersection(交集)”与“union(并集)”。在计算机视觉里把目标区域看成集(像素集合或平面区域),用“交集/并集”的比值衡量重叠程度;数学上与Jaccard 指数是同一概念,因此也常被称为 Jaccard overlap。缩写 IoU 在论文与工程实践中极为常见。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作中的用例 Literary Works

  • Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks(常用 IoU 来定义正负样本与评估检测框匹配)
  • *You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detection (YOLO)*(讨论检测评估与阈值设定时频繁涉及 IoU)
  • Mask R-CNN(在实例分割评估中使用 IoU/AP 等指标)
  • The PASCAL Visual Object Classes (VOC) Challenge 相关论文/报告(以 IoU 阈值作为目标检测评估标准的重要来源)
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