V2EX government spending

Government Spending

定义 Definition

Government spending(政府支出)指政府为提供公共服务、基础设施建设、国防、社会福利等而花费的资金总额。它是财政政策的核心组成部分,直接影响一个国家的经济运行。

发音 Pronunciation

/vrnmnt spnd/

例句 Examples

The government spending on education has increased significantly this year.
今年政府在教育方面的支出大幅增加。

Critics argue that excessive government spending leads to higher national debt and may burden future generations with financial obligations.
批评者认为,过度的政府支出会导致国债攀升,并可能给后代带来沉重的财务负担。

词源 Etymology

Government 源自古法语 governement,意为"统治、管理",其词根来自拉丁语 gubernare(掌舵、引导)。Spending 来自古英语 spendan,意为"花费、使用",源自拉丁语 expendere(支付)。两个词组合在一起,构成现代经济学和政治学中的核心术语,专指政府部门的财政支出行为。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学与著作引用 Literary References

  • 亚当斯密(Adam Smith)在《国富论》(The Wealth of Nations, 1776)中深入讨论了政府支出的合理范围,认为政府应将支出限制在国防、司法和公共工程等领域。
  • 约翰梅纳德凯恩斯(John Maynard Keynes)在《就业、利息和货币通论》(The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, 1936)中主张,在经济衰退时期,增加政府支出是刺激需求、恢复经济的关键手段。
  • 米尔顿弗里德曼(Milton Friedman)在《资本主义与自由》(Capitalism and Freedom, 1962)中对政府支出的扩张持批评态度,倡导有限政府和自由市场。
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