V2EX flow separation

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Flow Separation

释义 Definition

（流体力学）流动分离：指流体在物体表面附近的边界层因逆压梯度等原因失去附着，流线从表面“脱离”，常导致尾迹、涡流、阻力增大以及升力下降（如机翼失速）。该术语在空气动力学与水动力学中非常常见。

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/flo spren/

例句 Examples

Flow separation increases drag.
流动分离会增大阻力。

At high angles of attack, flow separation over the wing can trigger a sudden loss of lift and lead to stall.
在高迎角时，机翼上方的流动分离可能引发升力突然下降并导致失速。

词源 Etymology

flow 来自古英语 flōwan（意为“流动、流淌”）；separation 源自拉丁语 separare（“分开、分离”），经由法语进入英语。组合起来字面意思就是“流动的分离”，用于描述流体从表面附着状态转为脱离的现象。

相关词 Related Words

Boundary Layer
Adverse Pressure Gradient

文学与著作中的用例 Literary Works

Ludwig Prandtl 的边界层相关论文与讲义（提出并发展边界层理论，讨论分离现象）
H. Schlichting, Boundary-Layer Theory（《边界层理论》）
John D. Anderson, Fundamentals of Aerodynamics（《空气动力学基础》）
Frank M. White, Fluid Mechanics（《流体力学》）

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