V2EX excise duty

Excise Duty

定义 Definition

excise duty(消费税/货物税):对在国内生产、制造或销售的特定商品征收的间接税,常见于酒精、烟草、燃油等;通常按数量(从量税)或按价格比例(从价税)计征。不同国家的具体征税范围与规则可能不同。

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/eksaz djuti/(英式)
/eksaz duti/(美式)

例句 Examples

The government raised excise duty on cigarettes.
政府提高了香烟的消费税。

Excise duty, combined with VAT, can significantly increase the retail price of alcohol and fuel.
消费税与增值税叠加,可能会显著抬高酒精和燃油的零售价格。

词源 Etymology

excise源自荷兰语 accijns(对商品征收的税),经由法语进入英语,历史上常指对酒类、盐等日常商品的国内税;duty来自古法语 deu/devoir(应付之物、义务),在税收语境中表示“应缴税款”。合起来 excise duty 就是“对特定商品征收的国内消费税”。

相关词 Related Words

文学与著作中的用例 Literary Works

  • The Wealth of Nations(Adam Smith):讨论税制时多次提及对商品征收的 excises / excise duties
  • On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation(David Ricardo):在税收与价格机制分析中涉及 excise duties 的影响。
  • A Treatise on the Law of Taxation 等英美税法经典著作:以 excise duty 作为重要税种反复出现。
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