V2EX emolument

Emolument

释义 Definition

名词 (n.) 薪酬,报酬;因职务或工作而获得的工资、薪水或其他形式的收入。通常用于正式或法律语境中,指从事某一职位或职业所获得的全部经济利益。

发音 Pronunciation

/ml.j.mnt/(英式) /m.lj.mnt/(美式)

例句 Examples

The emoluments of the position include a generous salary and a housing allowance.
该职位的报酬包括丰厚的薪水和住房补贴。

No person holding public office shall accept any emolument from a foreign state without the consent of Congress.
未经国会同意,任何担任公职的人不得接受外国政府的任何报酬。

词源 Etymology

源自拉丁语 emolumentum,原意为"磨坊主的费用"或"劳动所得的利益",由 emolere 演变而来,意为"磨碎、碾磨"(e- 表示"出",molere 表示"磨")。最初比喻通过辛勤劳动所获得的成果和收益,后来词义逐渐扩展为泛指任何因职务或劳动而获得的薪酬。该词于15世纪进入英语,多用于法律和正式文书中。

相关词汇 Related Words

文学与历史用例 Literary & Historical Usage

  • 美国宪法(U.S. Constitution)中多次使用该词,其中最著名的是"薪酬条款"(Emoluments Clause,第一条第九款),规定联邦官员不得在未经国会同意的情况下接受外国的任何头衔或报酬。该条款在近年来因政治争议而广受关注。
  • 亚当斯密(Adam Smith)在《国富论》(The Wealth of Nations, 1776)中使用了该词来讨论不同职业的收入与回报。
  • 塞缪尔约翰逊(Samuel Johnson)在其《英语词典》(A Dictionary of the English Language, 1755)中收录并解释了此词,将其定义为"因职务而获得的利益或收益"。
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