V2EX deep structure

Deep Structure

Definition|释义

深层结构:生成语法(尤其与乔姆斯基相关)中的概念,指句子在语义与句法关系上的基础抽象结构,被认为是经过转换规则生成“表层结构”(surface structure)之前的底层组织方式。(在不同语言学理论中解释与地位可能有所不同。)

Pronunciation|发音(IPA)

/dip strktr/

Examples|例句

Deep structure helps explain why two different sentences can mean the same thing.
深层结构有助于解释为什么两个不同的句子可能表达相同的意思。

In transformational grammar, an active sentence and its passive counterpart may be linked by the same deep structure, even though their surface forms differ.
在转换生成语法中,主动句与对应的被动句即使表层形式不同,也可能由同一深层结构联系起来。

Etymology|词源

deep 原义为“深的、深层的”,引申为“隐藏在表面之下的”;structure 来自拉丁语 structura,意为“建造、构造”。组合成 deep structure,强调“在表面表达之下的结构”。该术语在20世纪语言学中因生成语法理论而广泛流行,用来对比 surface structure(表层结构)

Related Words|相关词汇

In Literature|文学与著作中的用例

  • Noam Chomsky, Syntactic Structures(《句法结构》)
  • Noam Chomsky, Aspects of the Theory of Syntax(《句法理论的若干方面》)
  • Noam Chomsky, Language and Mind(《语言与心智》)
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