V2EX crystal structure

Crystal Structure

释义 Definition

crystal structure晶体结构;指晶体中原子、离子或分子在三维空间中规则、周期性排列的方式(常用晶格、晶胞等概念来描述)。在材料科学、化学、矿物学与凝聚态物理中非常常见。

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/krstl strktr/

例句 Examples

A salt crystal structure is made of repeating ions.
盐的晶体结构由重复排列的离子组成。

X-ray diffraction can reveal the crystal structure and explain why the material conducts electricity differently in different directions.
X射线衍射可以揭示晶体结构,并解释为什么材料在不同方向上的导电性不同。

词源 Etymology

crystal 源自希腊语 krstallos,原意与“冰、透明的矿物”相关,后来引申为“晶体”。structure 来自拉丁语 structura,意为“建造、结构”。合起来 crystal structure 字面即“晶体的结构/构造”,强调内部排列的规律性与可重复性。

相关词 Related Words

文献与作品 Literary / Notable Works

  • Charles Kittel,《Introduction to Solid State Physics》(《固体物理导论》):用“crystal structure”讲解晶格、晶胞与材料性质的关系。
  • Linus Pauling,《The Nature of the Chemical Bond》(《化学键的本质》):讨论结构与成键、晶体类型之间的联系。
  • Anthony R. West,《Solid State Chemistry and Its Applications》(《固体化学及其应用》):大量使用“crystal structure”解释固体反应与功能材料行为。
  • C. Hammond,《The Basics of Crystallography and Diffraction》(《晶体学与衍射基础》):以衍射方法解析“crystal structure”为核心主题。
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