V2EX cold working

Cold Working

释义 Definition

冷加工;冷作(冷加工硬化):在低于材料再结晶温度(通常接近室温)的条件下对金属进行塑性变形加工(如轧制、拉伸、弯曲、冷镦等)。常见结果是强度和硬度提高延展性降低,并可能产生残余应力加工硬化。(也可泛指“在低温条件下进行的加工”,但在工程语境中多指金属的冷作。)

发音 Pronunciation (IPA)

/kold wk/

例句 Examples

Cold working makes the metal stronger but less flexible.
冷加工会让金属更强,但更不易弯曲。

After cold working, the steel sheet was annealed to reduce internal stress and restore ductility.
冷加工之后,对钢板进行了退火,以降低内应力并恢复延展性。

词源 Etymology

cold(冷的) + working(加工/作业) 组成的复合词。这里的 “cold” 不是指“摸起来冷”,而是指加工温度低于再结晶温度;“working” 指对材料进行机械变形加工。该术语在冶金与制造工程语境中固定化,用来与 hot working(热加工) 区分。

相关词 Related Words

  • Annealing
  • Work Hardening
  • Hot Working
  • Rolling
  • Drawing
  • Forging
  • Ductility
  • Residual Stress
  • 文献作品 Literary Works

    • ASM Handbook, Volume 14A: Metalworking: Bulk Forming(ASM International)系统讨论冷作/热作与成形机理
    • Mechanical Metallurgy(George E. Dieter)涉及加工硬化、应力应变与冷加工效应
    • Manufacturing Engineering and Technology(Kalpakjian & Schmid)制造工艺章节中频繁使用 “cold working” 术语
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