V2EX causality

Causality

释义 Definition

causality 是一个名词,指"因果关系"或"因果性",即一个事件(原因)导致另一个事件(结果)发生的关系或原理。它是哲学、科学和逻辑学中的核心概念。

发音 Pronunciation

/kzlti/

例句 Examples

Scientists are trying to establish causality between air pollution and respiratory diseases.
科学家们正试图确定空气污染与呼吸系统疾病之间的因果关系。

The philosopher argued that our perception of causality is merely a habit of the mind, formed by observing repeated sequences of events rather than any inherent connection between them.
这位哲学家认为,我们对因果关系的感知不过是一种思维习惯,是通过观察事件的反复出现而形成的,而非事物之间存在任何内在联系。

词源 Etymology

causality 源自拉丁语 causalis,意为"与原因有关的",由 causa(原因)加上形容词后缀 -alis 构成。后经中世纪拉丁语 causalitas 演变为英语形式,加上名词后缀 -ity 表示性质或状态。该词在17世纪进入英语,最初主要用于哲学讨论中,后来逐渐扩展到科学和日常用语。

相关词 Related Words

文学作品引用 Literary References

  • 大卫休谟(David Hume)在《人性论》(A Treatise of Human Nature, 1739)中对 causality 进行了深入探讨,提出了著名的因果怀疑论,认为因果关系无法通过纯粹的理性来证明。
  • 伊曼努尔康德(Immanuel Kant)在《纯粹理性批判》(Critique of Pure Reason, 1781)中回应了休谟的挑战,将 causality 视为人类认知的先天范畴之一。
  • 丹尼尔卡尼曼(Daniel Kahneman)在《思考,快与慢》(Thinking, Fast and Slow, 2011)中讨论了人类倾向于在随机事件中寻找 causality 的认知偏差。
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